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Preface xi Nomenclaturexiii
Part I Non-ideal Flow Characterization and Chemical Reaction 1 1 Non-ideal Flow and Reactor Characterization 3 Summary of Residence Time Distribution Properties and Most Important Models 3 Residence Time Distribution 3 RTD in Ideal Reactors 4 Tanks-in-series (TIS) Model 4 Dispersion Model 4 Bo
0.01, Closed-Closed Recipient 4 Bo >
0.01, Open-Open Recipient 4 2 Chemical Reaction in Non-ideal Reactors 55 Summary of Most Important Models 55 Calculation of Conversion 55 Tanks-in-series (TIS) Model and Chemical Reaction 55 Dispersion Model and Chemical Reaction 55 From RTD Runs 56 Mass Balance in Ideal Reactors 57 Arrhenius Law for Kinetic Constants 57 3 Transfer Function in Chemical Reactor Design 123 Summary of the Equations and Concepts 123 Transfer Function 123 Laplace Transform of Some Functions 123 Transfer Function in Ideal Reactors 124 CSTR 124 PFR 124
Part II Convolution and Unsteady State in Chemical Reactors 139 4 Convolution and Deconvolution of Signals in Chemical Reactor Engineering 141 Summary of Equations and Methods 141 Convolution 141 Deconvolution 143 5 Partial Differential Equations in Chemical Reactor Engineering 157 Summary 157 Finite Differences Method (FDM) 157 First Derivative 157 Second Derivative 157 Stability of the FDM 157 Ideal Reactors Working in Unsteady State 158 CSTR Working in Unsteady State 158 PFR Working in Unsteady State (No Dispersion) 158 PFR Working in Dynamic Regime (With Dispersion) 159
Part III Catalytic and Multiphase Reactor Design 213 6 Reaction Rate in Catalytic Processes 215 Summary of Equations for the Catalytic Reactor Design 215 Rate in Heterogeneous Systems 215 Rate of External Diffusion 216 Dimensionless Numbers and Their Relationship 216 Internal Diffusion Effect 217 Combination of Resistances 218 Process of Absorption (No Reaction) 218 7 Catalytic Reactor Design 253 8 Multiphase Reactor Design 299 Summary of Rate Expressions 299 Process of Absorption (No Reaction) 299 Fluid-Fluid Reaction 299 Fluid-Fluid (Gas-Liquid) Reaction in Catalysts 301
Part IV Biochemical Reactor Design 335 9 Biochemical Reactor Design: Enzymatic Processes 337 Summary of Kinetic Expressions 337 Enzymatic Reactions 337 Michaelis-Menten Kinetics 337 10 Biochemical Reactor Design: Microbial Growth 357 Summary of Kinetic Expressions and Mass Balances in Bioreactors 357 Bibliography 385 Index 387