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Satellite Ground Station Antennas Vital Source e-bog
Roland Schwerdtfeger, Thomas A. Milligan, Robert Hoferer og Christophe Granet
(2024)
John Wiley & Sons
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Satellite Ground Station Antennas
Electrical, Mechanical, and Civil Engineering Design
Roland Schwerdtfeger, Thomas A. Milligan, Robert Hoferer og Christophe Granet
(2024)
Sprog: Engelsk
John Wiley & Sons, Limited
1.683,00 kr.
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Detaljer om varen
- 1. Udgave
- Vital Source searchable e-book (Reflowable pages)
- Udgiver: John Wiley & Sons (December 2024)
- Forfattere: Roland Schwerdtfeger, Thomas A. Milligan, Robert Hoferer og Christophe Granet
- ISBN: 9781394191734
Understand all aspects of ground station design with this groundbreaking volume
A satellite ground station is a terrestrial station built to communicate or receive signals from spacecraft and other astronomical and interplanetary sources. Since ground stations are subject to weather and other terrestrial conditions, their operations can be unpredictable, and their design offers numerous challenges for engineers.
Satellite Ground Station Antennas constitutes the first-ever comprehensive overview of these challenges and the tools by which engineers of all kinds can meet them. Analyzing every aspect of ground station antenna technology, the book can be read both continuously or as a reference, with each chapter functioning by itself to fully apprehend a discrete portion of the subject. Balancing mathematics with mechanics, it combines accessibility and rigor to create an unprecedented resource.
Readers will also find:
- In-depth material published in a fully accessible form for the first time
- Detailed discussion of topics including reflector design, structural considerations, proof-of-performance, and more
- Lavish illustrations and photographs throughout
Satellite Ground Station Antennas is ideal for electrical, mechanical, and civil engineers, as well as for any other industry professional working with ground station design.
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Detaljer om varen
- Hardback: 464 sider
- Udgiver: John Wiley & Sons, Limited (November 2024)
- Forfattere: Roland Schwerdtfeger, Thomas A. Milligan, Robert Hoferer og Christophe Granet
- ISBN: 9781394191710
Understand all aspects of ground station design with this groundbreaking volume
A satellite ground station is a terrestrial station built to communicate or receive signals from spacecraft and other astronomical and interplanetary sources. Since ground stations are subject to weather and other terrestrial conditions, their operations can be unpredictable, and their design offers numerous challenges for engineers.
Satellite Ground Station Antennas constitutes the first-ever comprehensive overview of these challenges and the tools by which engineers of all kinds can meet them. Analyzing every aspect of ground station antenna technology, the book can be read both continuously or as a reference, with each chapter functioning by itself to fully apprehend a discrete portion of the subject. Balancing mathematics with mechanics, it combines accessibility and rigor to create an unprecedented resource.
Satellite Ground Station Antennas readers will also find:
- In-depth material published in a fully accessible form for the first time
- Detailed discussion of topics including reflector design, structural considerations, proof-of-performance, add more
- Lavish illustrations and photographs throughout
Satellite Ground Station Antennas is ideal for electrical, mechanical, and civil engineers, as well as for any other industry professional working with ground station design.
About the Authors xix Preface xxi Acknowledgments xxiii Glossary of Terms xxv Introduction xxxi 1 Antenna System Analysis 1
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Antenna Radiation and Path Loss 1
1.3 Polarization 3
1.3.1 Polarization Efficiency 4
1.4 Geometry of Satellite Communication Link 5
1.4.1 Pointing Angles to Satellites 5
1.4.1.1 The Case for the Elevation-over-Azimuth Antenna 5
1.4.1.2 The Case for the Declination-over-Hour Angle Antenna 8
1.4.2 Elevation-over-Azimuth Pattern Angle Correction 10
1.4.3 Sun Outage 10
1.4.4 Linear Polarization Twist at Ground Station from Satellite 11
1.5 Noise in Antennas 12
1.5.1 Noise Mechanisms 12
1.5.2 Signal-to-Noise Ratio 13
1.5.3 Noise Power 13
1.5.4 Equivalent Noise Temperature 14
1.5.5 Noise Figure 14
1.5.6 Antenna Noise Temperature 16
1.5.7 Noise in a Satellite-Earth Station Link 17
1.5.8 Antenna Noise Temperature Components 18
1.5.8.1 Sky Noise 18
1.5.8.2 Antenna Noise Temperature 21
1.5.9 Sky Noise Temperature Variation with Ambient Temperature and Humidity 25
1.6 Interference in Antennas 29
1.6.1 Introduction 29
1.6.1.1 Sources of Interference 30
1.6.1.2 Corrective Filter Application 30
1.6.2 Interference by the Transmitter 31
1.6.3 Interference by Tx Signal Power 33
1.6.4 Interference due to Tx Noise Power 35
1.7 Passive Intermodulation in Antennas 39
1.7.1 Brief History 39
1.7.2 Theory 39
1.7.2.1 Second-Order PIM - Two Equal Amplitude Transmit Carriers 40
1.7.2.2 Third-Order PIM - Two Equal Amplitude Transmit Carriers 40
1.7.2.3 Third-Order PIM - Three Equal Amplitude Transmit Carriers 40
1.7.2.4 Specific Cases of PIM Frequencies 41
1.7.2.5 Amplitude of PIMs 41
1.7.2.6 Causes of PIM in Antennas 45
1.7.3 Some Interesting Observations 46
1.7.3.1 Measurement of PIMs 47
1.8 Link Analysis 47
1.8.1 Uplink Analysis 47
1.8.2 Downlink Analysis 50
1.8.3 EIRP and Power Density 52
1.9 Digital Communication Link Budget 54
1.9.1 Link Budget Supplied by Marc R. Björkman for Commercial Satellite Multichannel TV Transmission 54 References 55 2 Reflector Design 57
2.1 Introduction 57
2.2 Single Reflector Antenna 59
2.2.1 Prime Focus Antenna Efficiency Components 60
2.2.1.1 Phase Error Loss 61
2.2.1.2 Illumination Loss 62
2.2.1.3 Spillover Loss 63
2.2.1.4 Blockage 63
2.2.1.5 Polarization Loss 64
2.2.1.6 Reflector Panel Loss 64
2.2.1.7 Reflection Loss 64
2.2.1.8 Feed Terminal Losses 64
2.2.1.9 Summary 64
2.2.2 General Performance Features 65
2.3 Two-Reflector Design 65
2.3.1 Cassegrain and Gregorian Configurations 65
2.3.2 Antenna Efficiency Components 68
2.3.2.1 Subreflector Blockage 68
2.3.2.2 Subreflector Support Structure Blockage 68
2.3.2.3 Feed Blockage 68
2.3.2.4 Diffraction Loss 70
2.3.2.5 General Performance Features 70
2.3.3 Shaped Reflector Design Considerations 71
2.3.3.1 General Performance Features of the Shaped System 77
2.3.4 The Ring Focus Antenna 78
2.3.4.1 Positive Features of Ring Focus 78
2.3.4.2 Negative Features of the Ring Focus 78
2.3.4.3 General Performance Features 79
2.4 Offset Reflector Antennas 80
2.4.1 Single Offset Reflector Antenna 80
2.4.1.1 Cross-pol Matched Feed System for Single Offset Reflector Applications 87
2.4.2 Horn Reflector 87
2.4.3 Dual-Offset Antennas - Cassegrain and Gregorian 92
2.4.4 Dragonian Reflector System 97
2.5 Characteristics of Antenna Patterns 97
2.5.1 Concept of Antenna Pattern Gain 102
2.6 Antennas with Simultaneous Multiband Feeds 105
2.6.1 Single Aperture Feed Horn 105
2.6.2 Wideband Feed Horn 108
2.6.3 Concentric Aperture Feed Horns 110
2.6.4 Dual Aperture Feeds with FSS 111
2.7 Selectable Multi-feed Systems 111
2.8 Beam Waveguide 115
2.8.1 Introduction 115
2.8.2 Large Antenna Beam Waveguide 115
2.8.3 The Quasi-Beam Waveguide 122
2.9 Multibeam Antennas 123
2.9.1 Introduction 123
2.9.2 The Torus 126
2.9.2.1 The Declination Difficulty and Off-Axis Feed Settings 128
2.9.2.2 Phase Aberrations in the Feed Horn 133
2.9.2.3 Siting the Torus to Other Latitudes 133
2.9.2.4 General Performance Features of the Torus 135
2.9.3 Shaped Cassegrain CSIRO MBA Antenna 139 References 139 3 Feed System Design 141
3.1 Introduction 141
3.2 Linearly Polarized Rx Feed Design and Configurations 142
3.2.1 Example Satellite Link 142
3.2.2 Single Linear Polarization - with Polarization Rotation 146
3.2.3 Dual Linear Polarization - Receive Only 148
3.2.4 Linearly Polarized Tx/Rx Feed Design and Configurations 149
3.2.5 Linear Polarization - Two Orthogonal Rx and One Tx 151
3.2.6 Dual Linear Polarized Rx and Tx 153
3.3 Circular Polarization (CP) - Rx-Only Feed Configurations 157
3.3.1 OMT + 90 Power Divider 158
3.3.2 Differential Phase Shifter with OMT 160
3.3.3 Septum-OMT 164
3.3.4 OMT with Rectangular Horn 167
3.4 Two-Port Circularly Polarized Rx/Tx Feed Systems 168
3.4.1 Four-Port CP Feed Network 171
3.5 Polarization Rotation and Switching 173
3.5.1 90 Differential Phase Shifter - CP/LP Selection 173
3.5.2 180 Differential Phase Shifter - LP Angle Adjust Only 174
3.5.3 CP/LP and LP Angle Adjust 176
3.5.4 90 Differential Phase Shifter - CP Adjust 178
3.5.5 CP/LP Selection - Two-Port Rx/Tx Feed 178
3.6 Combined Dual-Polarized Tx/Rx Feed Configuration 179
3.6.1 Single QJ and Magic Tee Feed System Network Layout 180
3.6.2 Twin-QJ Feed System Layout 181
3.6.3 Tri-band Feed Using Twin-QJ and Symmetric OMT 181
3.6.4 Combined CP and LP Tx/Rx Feed Configuration 183
3.7 Feed System Terminal Characteristics 185
3.7.1 VSWR - Effect of Multiple Contributions 186
3.7.2 Practical Matching Techniques 187
3.7.3 Polarization Discrimination - Axial Ratio and Cross-pol 188
3.7.4 Port-to-Port Isolation 189
3.7.5 Insertion Loss 189
3.7.6 Signal Delay Time 190 References 190 4 Tracking Feed Systems 193
4.1 Introduction 193
4.2 Maximum Signal "Search and Track" Methods 195
4.2.1 Step Track 195
4.2.2 Conical Scan 196
4.2.3 Electronic Conical Scan 196
4.3 Zero-Signal Track Methods 199
4.3.1 Phase-Amplitude Monopulse 199
4.3.1.1 TM 01 + TE 01 Mode Pattern 200
4.3.1.2 TE 21 Mode Pattern 202
4.3.2 TE 21 Mode Coupler Design Concepts 202
4.3.2.1 A System Performance Study 209
4.3.2.2 Error Channel Path 212
4.4 Array Monopulse Feeds 214
4.4.1 Four-Horn "Cross" Array 214
4.4.2 Four-Horn "Corner" Array 216
4.4.3 The Integrated Five-Horn Array 216
4.4.4 Polarization Requirements for Monopulse Functions 221
4.4.5 Monopulse Detection Methods 221
4.4.6 The Impact of the Presence of a Î?Az Cross-Talk Signal 224
4.5 Array Analysis and Design 224
4.5.1 The Sum of the Array Elements 228
4.5.2 The Difference Between Array Element Pairs 228
4.5.2.1 The Cross Array - Figure
4.32 229
4.5.2.2 The Corner Array - Figure
4.33 229
4.5.2.3 The Five-Horn Monopulse Array 231 References 235 5 Structural and Mechanical 237
5.1 Introduction 237
5.2 Antenna Configurations 237
5.3 Antenna Axis Configurations 242
5.3.1 Elevation-over-Azimuth 242
5.3.2 X-Y or Cross-Elevation-over-Elevation 243
5.3.3 Declination-over-Hour Angle 245
5.4 Reflector Support Structures 248
5.5 Reflector Geometries 252
5.6 Reflector Accuracy 252
5.7 Design of Reflector Panels 257
5.7.1 Main Reflector Fabrication 257
5.7.1.1 Stretched Panels with "Zees" 257
5.7.1.2 Stretched Panels with Precision Profiled Radials 259
5.7.1.3 Truss Support Construction 260
5.7.1.4 Machined Panels 260
5.7.1.5 Stretched Panels with Honeycomb Core Between Two Stretched Panels 260
5.7.1.6 Metal Spinning Manufacturing 261
5.7.1.7 Fiberglass and Carbon Fiber Lay-ups 262
5.7.2 Subreflector Fabrication 263
5.8 Pointing Accuracy 264
5.8.1 Beam Deviation Factor 267
5.8.2 Beam Tilt Due to Main Reflector Translation 271
5.8.3 Beam Tilt Due to Main Reflector Rotation 271
5.8.4 Beam Tilt Due to Subreflector Translation 271
5.8.5 Beam Tilt Due to Subreflector Rotation 272
5.8.6 Beam Tilt Due to Feed Translation/Rotation 272
5.8.7 Subreflector Axial Displacement 272
5.9 Structural Alignment 274
5.9.1 Orthogonality 274
5.10 Panel Alignment 276
5.10.1 Theodolite and Precision Drill Tape Panel Setting 276
5.10.2 Laser Tracker 277
5.10.3 Photogrammetry and Precision Reference Scale 277
5.10.4 Microwave Interferometry (Holography) 277
5.11 Influences of Weather 278
5.12 Mechanical Layout Concepts for Complex Feed Systems 280
5.12.1 A Brief Summary of Important Feed Design Considerations 280
5.12.2 Sample Feed Design Problem 280 References 283 6 Antenna Protection 285
6.1 Protecting the Feed Against the Elements 285
6.1.1 Feed Horn Window Considerations 285
6.1.2 Feed Pressurization Principles 287
6.1.2.1 Example Syste
1.1 Introduction 1
1.2 Antenna Radiation and Path Loss 1
1.3 Polarization 3
1.3.1 Polarization Efficiency 4
1.4 Geometry of Satellite Communication Link 5
1.4.1 Pointing Angles to Satellites 5
1.4.1.1 The Case for the Elevation-over-Azimuth Antenna 5
1.4.1.2 The Case for the Declination-over-Hour Angle Antenna 8
1.4.2 Elevation-over-Azimuth Pattern Angle Correction 10
1.4.3 Sun Outage 10
1.4.4 Linear Polarization Twist at Ground Station from Satellite 11
1.5 Noise in Antennas 12
1.5.1 Noise Mechanisms 12
1.5.2 Signal-to-Noise Ratio 13
1.5.3 Noise Power 13
1.5.4 Equivalent Noise Temperature 14
1.5.5 Noise Figure 14
1.5.6 Antenna Noise Temperature 16
1.5.7 Noise in a Satellite-Earth Station Link 17
1.5.8 Antenna Noise Temperature Components 18
1.5.8.1 Sky Noise 18
1.5.8.2 Antenna Noise Temperature 21
1.5.9 Sky Noise Temperature Variation with Ambient Temperature and Humidity 25
1.6 Interference in Antennas 29
1.6.1 Introduction 29
1.6.1.1 Sources of Interference 30
1.6.1.2 Corrective Filter Application 30
1.6.2 Interference by the Transmitter 31
1.6.3 Interference by Tx Signal Power 33
1.6.4 Interference due to Tx Noise Power 35
1.7 Passive Intermodulation in Antennas 39
1.7.1 Brief History 39
1.7.2 Theory 39
1.7.2.1 Second-Order PIM - Two Equal Amplitude Transmit Carriers 40
1.7.2.2 Third-Order PIM - Two Equal Amplitude Transmit Carriers 40
1.7.2.3 Third-Order PIM - Three Equal Amplitude Transmit Carriers 40
1.7.2.4 Specific Cases of PIM Frequencies 41
1.7.2.5 Amplitude of PIMs 41
1.7.2.6 Causes of PIM in Antennas 45
1.7.3 Some Interesting Observations 46
1.7.3.1 Measurement of PIMs 47
1.8 Link Analysis 47
1.8.1 Uplink Analysis 47
1.8.2 Downlink Analysis 50
1.8.3 EIRP and Power Density 52
1.9 Digital Communication Link Budget 54
1.9.1 Link Budget Supplied by Marc R. Björkman for Commercial Satellite Multichannel TV Transmission 54 References 55 2 Reflector Design 57
2.1 Introduction 57
2.2 Single Reflector Antenna 59
2.2.1 Prime Focus Antenna Efficiency Components 60
2.2.1.1 Phase Error Loss 61
2.2.1.2 Illumination Loss 62
2.2.1.3 Spillover Loss 63
2.2.1.4 Blockage 63
2.2.1.5 Polarization Loss 64
2.2.1.6 Reflector Panel Loss 64
2.2.1.7 Reflection Loss 64
2.2.1.8 Feed Terminal Losses 64
2.2.1.9 Summary 64
2.2.2 General Performance Features 65
2.3 Two-Reflector Design 65
2.3.1 Cassegrain and Gregorian Configurations 65
2.3.2 Antenna Efficiency Components 68
2.3.2.1 Subreflector Blockage 68
2.3.2.2 Subreflector Support Structure Blockage 68
2.3.2.3 Feed Blockage 68
2.3.2.4 Diffraction Loss 70
2.3.2.5 General Performance Features 70
2.3.3 Shaped Reflector Design Considerations 71
2.3.3.1 General Performance Features of the Shaped System 77
2.3.4 The Ring Focus Antenna 78
2.3.4.1 Positive Features of Ring Focus 78
2.3.4.2 Negative Features of the Ring Focus 78
2.3.4.3 General Performance Features 79
2.4 Offset Reflector Antennas 80
2.4.1 Single Offset Reflector Antenna 80
2.4.1.1 Cross-pol Matched Feed System for Single Offset Reflector Applications 87
2.4.2 Horn Reflector 87
2.4.3 Dual-Offset Antennas - Cassegrain and Gregorian 92
2.4.4 Dragonian Reflector System 97
2.5 Characteristics of Antenna Patterns 97
2.5.1 Concept of Antenna Pattern Gain 102
2.6 Antennas with Simultaneous Multiband Feeds 105
2.6.1 Single Aperture Feed Horn 105
2.6.2 Wideband Feed Horn 108
2.6.3 Concentric Aperture Feed Horns 110
2.6.4 Dual Aperture Feeds with FSS 111
2.7 Selectable Multi-feed Systems 111
2.8 Beam Waveguide 115
2.8.1 Introduction 115
2.8.2 Large Antenna Beam Waveguide 115
2.8.3 The Quasi-Beam Waveguide 122
2.9 Multibeam Antennas 123
2.9.1 Introduction 123
2.9.2 The Torus 126
2.9.2.1 The Declination Difficulty and Off-Axis Feed Settings 128
2.9.2.2 Phase Aberrations in the Feed Horn 133
2.9.2.3 Siting the Torus to Other Latitudes 133
2.9.2.4 General Performance Features of the Torus 135
2.9.3 Shaped Cassegrain CSIRO MBA Antenna 139 References 139 3 Feed System Design 141
3.1 Introduction 141
3.2 Linearly Polarized Rx Feed Design and Configurations 142
3.2.1 Example Satellite Link 142
3.2.2 Single Linear Polarization - with Polarization Rotation 146
3.2.3 Dual Linear Polarization - Receive Only 148
3.2.4 Linearly Polarized Tx/Rx Feed Design and Configurations 149
3.2.5 Linear Polarization - Two Orthogonal Rx and One Tx 151
3.2.6 Dual Linear Polarized Rx and Tx 153
3.3 Circular Polarization (CP) - Rx-Only Feed Configurations 157
3.3.1 OMT + 90 Power Divider 158
3.3.2 Differential Phase Shifter with OMT 160
3.3.3 Septum-OMT 164
3.3.4 OMT with Rectangular Horn 167
3.4 Two-Port Circularly Polarized Rx/Tx Feed Systems 168
3.4.1 Four-Port CP Feed Network 171
3.5 Polarization Rotation and Switching 173
3.5.1 90 Differential Phase Shifter - CP/LP Selection 173
3.5.2 180 Differential Phase Shifter - LP Angle Adjust Only 174
3.5.3 CP/LP and LP Angle Adjust 176
3.5.4 90 Differential Phase Shifter - CP Adjust 178
3.5.5 CP/LP Selection - Two-Port Rx/Tx Feed 178
3.6 Combined Dual-Polarized Tx/Rx Feed Configuration 179
3.6.1 Single QJ and Magic Tee Feed System Network Layout 180
3.6.2 Twin-QJ Feed System Layout 181
3.6.3 Tri-band Feed Using Twin-QJ and Symmetric OMT 181
3.6.4 Combined CP and LP Tx/Rx Feed Configuration 183
3.7 Feed System Terminal Characteristics 185
3.7.1 VSWR - Effect of Multiple Contributions 186
3.7.2 Practical Matching Techniques 187
3.7.3 Polarization Discrimination - Axial Ratio and Cross-pol 188
3.7.4 Port-to-Port Isolation 189
3.7.5 Insertion Loss 189
3.7.6 Signal Delay Time 190 References 190 4 Tracking Feed Systems 193
4.1 Introduction 193
4.2 Maximum Signal "Search and Track" Methods 195
4.2.1 Step Track 195
4.2.2 Conical Scan 196
4.2.3 Electronic Conical Scan 196
4.3 Zero-Signal Track Methods 199
4.3.1 Phase-Amplitude Monopulse 199
4.3.1.1 TM 01 + TE 01 Mode Pattern 200
4.3.1.2 TE 21 Mode Pattern 202
4.3.2 TE 21 Mode Coupler Design Concepts 202
4.3.2.1 A System Performance Study 209
4.3.2.2 Error Channel Path 212
4.4 Array Monopulse Feeds 214
4.4.1 Four-Horn "Cross" Array 214
4.4.2 Four-Horn "Corner" Array 216
4.4.3 The Integrated Five-Horn Array 216
4.4.4 Polarization Requirements for Monopulse Functions 221
4.4.5 Monopulse Detection Methods 221
4.4.6 The Impact of the Presence of a Î?Az Cross-Talk Signal 224
4.5 Array Analysis and Design 224
4.5.1 The Sum of the Array Elements 228
4.5.2 The Difference Between Array Element Pairs 228
4.5.2.1 The Cross Array - Figure
4.32 229
4.5.2.2 The Corner Array - Figure
4.33 229
4.5.2.3 The Five-Horn Monopulse Array 231 References 235 5 Structural and Mechanical 237
5.1 Introduction 237
5.2 Antenna Configurations 237
5.3 Antenna Axis Configurations 242
5.3.1 Elevation-over-Azimuth 242
5.3.2 X-Y or Cross-Elevation-over-Elevation 243
5.3.3 Declination-over-Hour Angle 245
5.4 Reflector Support Structures 248
5.5 Reflector Geometries 252
5.6 Reflector Accuracy 252
5.7 Design of Reflector Panels 257
5.7.1 Main Reflector Fabrication 257
5.7.1.1 Stretched Panels with "Zees" 257
5.7.1.2 Stretched Panels with Precision Profiled Radials 259
5.7.1.3 Truss Support Construction 260
5.7.1.4 Machined Panels 260
5.7.1.5 Stretched Panels with Honeycomb Core Between Two Stretched Panels 260
5.7.1.6 Metal Spinning Manufacturing 261
5.7.1.7 Fiberglass and Carbon Fiber Lay-ups 262
5.7.2 Subreflector Fabrication 263
5.8 Pointing Accuracy 264
5.8.1 Beam Deviation Factor 267
5.8.2 Beam Tilt Due to Main Reflector Translation 271
5.8.3 Beam Tilt Due to Main Reflector Rotation 271
5.8.4 Beam Tilt Due to Subreflector Translation 271
5.8.5 Beam Tilt Due to Subreflector Rotation 272
5.8.6 Beam Tilt Due to Feed Translation/Rotation 272
5.8.7 Subreflector Axial Displacement 272
5.9 Structural Alignment 274
5.9.1 Orthogonality 274
5.10 Panel Alignment 276
5.10.1 Theodolite and Precision Drill Tape Panel Setting 276
5.10.2 Laser Tracker 277
5.10.3 Photogrammetry and Precision Reference Scale 277
5.10.4 Microwave Interferometry (Holography) 277
5.11 Influences of Weather 278
5.12 Mechanical Layout Concepts for Complex Feed Systems 280
5.12.1 A Brief Summary of Important Feed Design Considerations 280
5.12.2 Sample Feed Design Problem 280 References 283 6 Antenna Protection 285
6.1 Protecting the Feed Against the Elements 285
6.1.1 Feed Horn Window Considerations 285
6.1.2 Feed Pressurization Principles 287
6.1.2.1 Example Syste
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