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Introduction to Planets and Planetary Systems Planetary Systems Orbital Motion Gravitational Field and the Shape of Planets and Major Satellites Primary Energy Sources on Planets Internal Structure of Planets and Satellites The Magnetic Field Planetodiversity Origin and Evolution of Planetary Atmospheres Origin of the Solar System Thermal Evolution of the Planets Origin of Planetary Atmospheres Atmospheric Evolution Processes Variability of the Earth's Atmosphere Observed Atmospheric Changes in Other Planets Spectroscopy and Composition Atmospheric Composition: Fundamentals Planetary Spectrum: The Continuum Atomic Spectrum Molecular Spectrum Atmospheric Composition Definitions Vertical Temperature Structure Vertical Structure of the Atmospheres Radiative Transfer Radiative Equilibrium in Atmospheres Thermal Tides: Temperature Oscillations Adiabatic Lapse Rate Appendix Clouds in Planets Chemistry and Surface Processes Clouds Properties Microphysics Radiative Transfer in Clouds Observed Cloud Properties: Overview Upper and Tenuous Atmospheres Upper Atmospheres: Introduction Photochemistry Photoionization: Ionospheres Upper Atmospheres Heating Balance Diffusion Processes Airglow and Aurora Gas Production Mechanisms in Tenuous Atmospheres Overview of the Tenuous Atmospheres Global Atmospheric Motions Equations of Atmospheric Motions Momentum Equation: Balances Vorticity The Planetary Boundary Layer and Turbulent Motions Observed Large-Scale Motions in the Planets The General Circulation of Planetary Atmospheres Atmospheric Dynamics-I: Waves Wave Characteristics Acoustic Waves Gravity Waves Rossby Waves Planetary-Scale Equatorial Waves Thermal Tides: Dynamics QBO-QQO and SAO Oscillations Atmospheric Dynamics-II: Instability Scales of Motion and Dimensionless Numbers Vertical Instability: Convective Motions Hydrodynamical Instability: Vortices Types of Hydrodynamical Instabilities Vortices in the Giant Planets Other Dynamical Phenomena Polar Dynamics Atmospheric Effects of the Impact of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 with Jupiter The July 19th 2009 Impact Appendix: Methods to Study Planetary Atmospheres Bibliography References Index Problems appear at the end of each
chapter.