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Introduction 1 About This Book 2 Foolish Assumptions 3 Icons Used in This Book 4 Beyond the Book 4 Where to Go from Here 5 Book
1: Getting Started With Linux 7
Chapter 1: Introducing Linux 9 What Is Linux? 9 Linux distributions 10 Making sense of version numbers 13 Linux Standard Base (LSB) 14 Contents of a Linux Distribution 15 GNU software 15 GUIs and applications 16 Networks 19 Internet servers 19 Software development 20 Online documentation 22 Managing Your PC with Linux 23 Distribution media 23 Peripheral devices 24 File systems and sharing 25 Network 25 Getting Started 26 Step
1: Install 26 Step
2: Configure 26 Step
3: Explore 27 Step
4: Find out more 27
Chapter 2: Installing Linux 29 Following the Installation Steps 29 Checking Your PC''s Hardware 31 Setting Aside Space for Linux 33 Trying a Live CD 34 Installing Linux on a Flash Drive 35 Creating the bootable flash drive 35 Troubleshooting the workstation 36 Working daily with the new drive 37
Chapter 3: Troubleshooting and Configuring Linux 39 Using Text Mode Installation 40 Troubleshooting X 40 Resolving Other Installation Problems 42 Using Knoppix boot commands 42 Handling the fatal signal 11 error 45 Getting around the PC reboot problem 45 Using Linux kernel boot options 48 Setting Up Printers 48 Managing DVDs, CD-ROMs, and Flash Drives 51 Installing Other Software 51 Installing software in Debian and Ubuntu 52 Installing software in Fedora 54 Installing software in SUSE 55
Chapter 4: Trying Out Linux 57 Starting Linux 57 Playing with the Shell 60 Starting the bash shell 61 Understanding shell commands 62 Trying a few Linux commands 62 Shutting Down 64 Book
2: Linux Desktops 67
Chapter 1: GNOME and Its Derivatives 69 Getting to Know the GNOME Desktop 70 Understanding the GNOME Panels 72 The top panel 72 The desktop 72 The bottom panel 73 Looking at Unity 73 Looking at Cinnamon 73 Looking at MATE 74
Chapter 2: The KDE Plasma Desktop 75 Getting to Know the Plasma Desktop 75 Desktop contextual menus 77 Icon contextual menus 77 Understanding the Plasma Panel 78 The Main Menu button 79 Panel icons 80 Configuring the Plasma Bottom Panel 81 Configuring the Plasma Desktop 81
Chapter 3: Commanding the Shell 83 Opening Terminal Windows and Virtual Consoles 83 Using the bash Shell 84 Understanding the syntax of shell commands 85 Combining shell commands 86 Controlling command input and output 87 Typing less with automatic command completion 89 Going wild with asterisks and question marks 90 Repeating previously typed commands 91 Discovering and Using Linux Commands 92 Becoming root (superuser) 97 Managing processes 97 Working with date and time 99 Processing files 100 Writing Shell Scripts 102
Chapter 4: Navigating the Linux File System 105 Understanding the Linux File System 105 Navigating the File System with Linux Commands 110 Commands for directory navigation 110 Commands for directory listings and permissions 112 Commands for changing permissions and ownerships 114 Commands for working with files 116 Commands for working with directories 117 Commands for finding files 118 Commands for mounting and unmounting 119 Commands for checking disk-space use 120
Chapter 5: Introducing Linux Applications 123 Taking Stock of Linux Applications 124 Introducing Office Applications and Tools 124 LibreOffice org office suite 125 Calendars 128 Calculators 128 Checking out Multimedia Applications 129 Using a digital camera 130 Playing audio CDs 131 Playing sound files 131 Burning a DVD or CD 132 Using Graphics and Imaging Apps 133 The GIMP 133 GNOME Ghostview 134
Chapter 6: Using Text Editors 137 Using GUI Text Editors 137 Text Editing with ed and vi 140 Using ed 141 Using vi 145 Book
3: Networking 151
Chapter 1: Connecting to the Internet 153 Understanding the Internet 154 Deciding How to Connect to the Internet 155 Connecting with DSL 156 How DSL works 156 DSL alphabet soup: ADSL, IDSL, SDSL 157 Typical DSL setup 158 Connecting with a Cable Modem 162 How a cable modem works 162 Typical cable modem setup 164
Chapter 2: Setting Up a Local Area Network 167 Understanding TCP/IP 167 IP addresses 169 Internet services and port numbers 170 Setting Up an Ethernet LAN 172 How Ethernet works 173 Ethernet cables 174 Configuring TCP/IP Networking 176 Connecting Your LAN to the Internet 178
Chapter 3: Going Wireless 181 Understanding Wireless Ethernet Networks 181 Understanding infrastructure and ad hoc modes 183 Understanding Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) 183 Setting Up Wireless Hardware 184 Configuring the Wireless Access Point 185 Configuring Wireless Networking 186
Chapter 4: Managing the Network 191 Discovering the TCP/IP Configuration Files 191 /etc/hosts 192 /etc/networks 193 /etc/host.conf 193 /etc/resolv.conf 193 /etc/hosts.allow 194 /etc/hosts.deny 195 /etc/nsswitch.conf 195 Checking Out TCP/IP Networks 196 Checking the network interfaces 196 Checking the IP routing table 196 Checking connectivity to a host 197 Checking network status 198 Sniffing network packets 199 Using GUI tools 200 Configuring Networks at Boot Time 201 Book
4: The Internet 203
Chapter 1: Browsing the Web 205 Surfing the Web 205 Like a giant spider''s web 206 Links and URLs 206 Web servers and web browsers 209 Web Browsing in Linux 209 Checking out web browsers for Linux 210 Introducing Firefox''s user interface 210 Changing your home page 213 Surfing the Internet with Firefox 214
Chapter 2: Using FTP 217 Using Graphical FTP Clients 218 Using gFTP 218 Introducing FileZilla 220 Using a web browser as an FTP client 221 Using the Command-Line FTP Client 223
Chapter 3: Hosting Internet Services 229 Understanding Internet Services 229 TCP/IP and sockets 230 Internet services and port numbers 233 Using the Internet Super Server 235 Using inetd 236 Using xinetd 237 Running Stand-Alone Servers 239 Starting and stopping servers manually 240 Starting servers automatically at boot time 240
Chapter 4: Managing Mail Servers 245 Installing the Mail Server 245 Using sendmail 245 A mail-delivery test 246 The mail-delivery mechanism 247 The sendmail configuration file 247 Syntax of the sendmail cf file 253 Other sendmail files 254 The forward file 256 The sendmail alias file 257
Chapter 5: Managing DNS 259 Understanding the Domain Name System (DNS) 259 What is DNS? 260 Discovering hierarchical domain names 261 Exploring BIND 262 Configuring DNS 266 Configuring the resolver 266 Configuring a caching name server 267 Configuring a primary name server 278 Book
5: Administration 281
Chapter 1: Introducing Basic System Administration 283 Taking Stock of System Administration Tasks 284 Becoming root 285 Using the su - command 285 Recovering from a forgotten root password 286 Understanding How Linux Boots 287 Understanding the init process 288 Examining the /etc/inittab file 289 Trying a new run level with the init command 291 Understanding the Linux startup scripts 291 Manually starting and stopping servers 292 Automatically starting servers at system startup 293 Taking Stock of Linux System Configuration Files 294 Monitoring System Performance 296 Using the top utility 297 Using the uptime command 298 Using the vmstat utility 299 Checking disk performance and disk usage 300 Viewing System Information with the /proc File System 302 Understanding Linux Devices 305 Device files 305 Persistent device naming with udev 307 Managing Loadable Driver Modules 308 Loading and unloading modules 308 Understanding the /etc/modprobe d files 309 Scheduling Jobs in Linux 310 Scheduling one-time jobs 310 Scheduling recurring jobs 312 Introducing Some GUI System Administration Tools 316
Chapter 2: Managing Users and Groups 319 Adding User Accounts 320 Managing user accounts by using a GUI user manager 320 Managing user accounts by using commands 322 Understanding the /etc/passwd File 323 Managing Groups 324 Setting Other User and Group Administration Values 325 Exp