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Chapter 1: Introduction to Ecology
1.1 What Is Ecology?
1.2 What Important Ideas Will Emerge In Your Study Of Ecology?
Chapter 2: Adaptation and Evolution
2.1 How Did Darwin Develop The Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection?
2.2 What Is Evolution?
2.3 What Are the Mechanisms of Evolution?
2.4 How Do Adaptations Arise? FEATURES The Human Impact The Evolution of Resistance in Pathogens and Pests On the Frontline Gene Flow in Gobies Do the Math Modeling the Rate of Change by Selection The Evolution Connection Phenotypic Plasticity
Chapter 3: Adaptations to the Physical Environment
3.1 How Do Environmental Factors Limit Growth And Survival?
3.2 What Adaptations Avoid Harsh Conditions?
3.3 How Do Physiological Adaptations Alter The Organism''s Tolerance Limits? FEATURES The Human Impact Profound Changes to Coral Reefs On the Frontline Behavioral Thermoregulation in Lizards Do the Math Working with Bell Curves The Evolution Connection Plant Adaptations to Life on Land
Chapter 4: Terrestrial Communities
4.1 What Determines Species Distributions?
4.2 What Are The Fundamental Types Of Terrestrial Communities? FEATURES Do the Math The Concept of Statistical Significance The Evolution Connection Historical Effects on Species Distributions The Human Impact Global Warming and Ecological Communities On the Frontline Geographic Range Equilibrium
Chapter 5: Freshwater and Marine Communities
5.1 How is Water Distributed Across the Earth?
5.2 What Kinds of Communities Occur In Freshwater Ecosystems?
5.3 What Kinds of Communities Occur In Marine Ecosystems?
5.4. What are the important Physical and Ecological Factors in Aquatic Systems? FEATURES On the Frontline Recovery from Coral Bleaching
. Do the Math Linear Regression The Human Impact Survival of the Everglades The Evolution Connection Not All Characteristics Are Adaptive
Chapter 6: Behavioral Ecology
6.1 How Does Behavior Evolve?
6.2 What Role Does The Ecosystem Play In the Evolution of Behavior?
6.3 How Does The Social System Evolve? FEATURES The Evolution Connection Measuring the Contributions of Environment and Genetics to Behavior On the Frontline Balancing Selection and Sexual Selection in an insect Do the Math Using Hardy-Weinberg Analysis to Study Inbreeding The Human Impact Conservation of Wild Populations
Chapter 7: The Ecology of Intraspecific Variation
7.1 What Are The Patterns of Local Environmental Variation?
7.2 What Are The Adaptive Responses To Local Environmental Variation?
7.3 What Factors Determine The Amount Of Intraspecific Variation? What Mechanisms Increase Genetic Variation? What Mechanisms Decrease Variation? How Do We Measure Genetic Variation In Populations? FEATURES On the Frontline Intraspecific Variation in Coral Reef Fish Swimming Phenotypes The Evolution Connection The Evolution of Sex Do the Math Measuring Genetic Variation The Human Impact Conservation Genetics in Small Populations
Chapter 8: Demography
8.1 What Is a Population?
8.2 What Are The Key Quantitative Characteristics of a Population?
8.3 How Do Populations Change In Time and Space? FEATURES The Evolution Connection The Interaction of Evolution and Population Ecology On the Frontline The Human Impact Human Reproductive Rates Do the Math Matrix Algebra
Chapter 9: Population Regulation
9.1 What Limits Population Growth?
9.2 Are Populations Ever Stable?
9.3 How Do Regulatory Factors Interact?
9.4 How Do Populations Interact? FEATURES The Human Impact Biological Control of Pests Do the Math Logistic Growth with Dynamic Resources The Evolution Connection Group Selection and Evolutionarily Stable Strategies On the Frontline Additive vs Compensatory Mortality in Grasshoppers
Chapter 10: Life History Strategies
10.1 What Is A Life History Strategy?
10.2. Why Do Some Species Have Complex Life Cycles?
10.3 What Determines The Lifespan?
10.4 What Determines The Optimal Reproductive Pattern? FEATURES The Evolution Connection Technology and Evolutionary Strategies Do the Math The Difference in Production between Semelparity and Interoparity On the Frontline Reproductive effort and senescence in birds The Human Impact The Effect of Life History on the Risk of Extinction
Chapter 11: Competition
11.1 What Is Competition?
11.2 What Determines The Intensity of Competition?
11.3 What Are The Ecological and Evolutionary Consequences of Competition? FEATURES On the Frontline Character Displacement in Chickadee Songs The Human Impact Competition and Invasive Species The Evolution Connection The Effect of Competition on Evolutionary History Do the Math How to Quantify Niche Overlap
Chapter 12: Coevolution I: Exploitative Interactions
12.1 How Do Predators And Prey Adapt To One Another?
12.2 How Do Plants Respond To Herbivory?
12.3 How Do Parasites And Their Hosts Coevolve? FEATURES Do the Math How Long Should a Predator Remain in a Patch? On the Frontline The Evolution Connection The Phylogenetic Relationship of Parasites and Hosts The Human Impact
Chapter 13: Coevolution II: Mutualism
13.1 What Are The Fundamental Types of Mutualism?
13.2 How Does Mutualism Arise?
13.1 What Are The Ecological Consequences Of Mutualism FEATURES Do The Math Cheaters and the Prisoners Dilemma On the Frontline Ants Disrupt Bublebee-Flower Pollination Mutualism The Evolution Connection What Is The Evolutionary History of Mutualism? The Human Impact Mutualism And Species Conservation
Chapter 14: The Structure of Communities
14.1 What Processes Determine Community Composition?
13.2 How Does Competition Structure the Community?
13.3 What Other Ecological Factors Structure the Community? FEATURES Do the Math The Null Hypothesis in Community Structure The Human Impact Competition from Invasive Species The Evolution Connection Community Heritability and Structure On the Frontline The Determinants of Local Tropical Forest Species Diversity
Chapter 15: Ecological Succession
15.1 What Are The Effects of Disturbance?
15. 2 What Are The Patterns of Vegetation Change Following Disturbance?
15.3 What Causes Successional Change?
15.4 What Role Do Consumers Play in Succession? FEATURES On the Frontline Facilitation in aspen-conifer forests Do the Math Markov Chains The Human Impact Succession and Conservation Biology The Evolution Connection Pioneer Species
Chapter 16: Species Diversity
16.1 How Do We Measure Species Diversity?
16.2 How Do Communities Vary in Species diversity?
16.3 Why Do Communities Differ In Species Diversity? FEATURES On the Frontline The Human Impact The Sixth Mass Extinction Do the Math The Equilibrium Number of Species on an Island The Evolution Connection How Species Arise
Chapter 17: Energy Flow and Trophic Structure
17.1 What Are The Energy Sources in Ecosystems?
17.2 What Limits Primary Production?
17.3 What Controls Energy Flow through Consumers?
17.4 How Does Energy Flow Structure Ecosystems? FEATURES The Human Impact Biomagnification The Evolution Connection The Evolution of C4 Photosynthesis Do the Math Allometry On the Frontline Production and Food Chain Length
Chapter 18: Biogeochemical Cycles
18.1 What Are The Important Mechanisms Of Nutrient Cycling?
18.2 What Are The Major Types Of Nutrient Cycles?
18.3 What Is The Role Of Disturbance? FEATURES Do the Math Variance and Ecosystem Models The Evolution Connection Oxygen and the Origin of Complex Life Forms The Human Impact Soil Fertility and Nutrient Cycles On the Frontline The Response of the Forest Nitrogen Cycle to Disturbance
Chapter 19: Conservation Biology
19.1 What Are The Global Patterns of Species Richness And Extinction?
19.2 What Processes Lead To Extinction?
19.3 How Can We Prevent Extinction? FEATURES The Evolution Connection Evolution of the Population Growth Rate On the Frontline Extinction Debt in a Mediterranean Shrub Do the Math Maximum Sustainable Yield The Human Impact The Value of Biodiversity
Chapter 20: Landscape Ecology
20.1 What Is An Ecological Landscape?
20.2 How Do We Quantify Landscape Patterns?
20.3 What Are The Effects Of Landscape Scale and Structure? FEATURES The Human Impact Recovery of the Black-Footed Ferret The Evolution Connection Landscape Genetics Do the